Compare Saint Martin (2007) - Niue (2004)

Compare Saint Martin (2007) z Niue (2004)

	Saint Martin (2007)	Niue (2004)

Administrative divisions	-	none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order
Age structure	-	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle
Airports	1	1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 54.4 sq km land: 54.4 sq km water: NEGL	total: 260 sq km land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	more than one-third the size of Washington, DC	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished St. Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it amongst themselves in 1648. The cultivation of sugar cane introduced slavery to the island in the late 18th century; the practice was not abolished until 1848. The island became a free port in 1939; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded during the 1970s and 1980s. In 2003, the populace of St. Martin voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the northern portion of the island became a French overseas collectivity.	Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2004), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest.
Birth rate	-	NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: NA expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA
Capital	name: Marigot geographical coordinates: 18 04 N, 63 05 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight savings: +1 hour	Alofi
Climate	temperature averages 80-85 degrees all year long; low humidity, gentle trade winds, brief, intense rain showers; July-Novemeber is the hurricane season	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
Coastline	58.9 km (for entire island)	64 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Country name	conventional long form: Overseas Collectivity of Saint Martin conventional short form: Saint Martin local long form: Collectivity d'outre mer de Saint-Martin local short form: Saint-Martin	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island
Currency	-	New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate	-	NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	-	$418,000 (2002 est.)
Dependency status	-	self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas collectivity of France)	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas collectivity of France)	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international	-	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	$2.6 million from New Zealand (2002)
Economy - overview	The economy of Saint Martin centers around tourism with 85% of the labor force engaged in this sector. Over one million visitors come to the island each year with most arriving through the Princess Juliana International Airport in Sint Maarten. No significant agriculture and limited local fishing means that almost all food must be imported. Energy resources and manufactured goods are also imported, primarily from Mexico and the United States. Saint Martin is reported to have the highest per capita income in the Caribbean.	The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million.
Electricity - consumption	-	2.79 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	-	3 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m highest point: Pic du Paradis 424 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m
Environment - current issues	fresh water supply is dependent on desalinization of sea water	increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia), white, East Indian	Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans)
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002)	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.7229 (2003), 2.1620 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Prefect Dominique LACROIX (since 21 March 2007) head of government: President of the Territorial Council Louis-Constant FLEMING (since 16 July 2007) cabinet: Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory economic, social, and cultural council election: French president elected by popular vote to a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the Council for a five-year term election results: Louis-Constant FLEMING unanimously elected president by the Territorial Council on 16 July 2007	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000) head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI) 30%
Exports	-	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	-	canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts
Exports - partners	-	New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000)
Fiscal year	-	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of France is used	yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1% industry: 15% services: 84% (2000)	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: 55%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	-0.3% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	18 05 N, 63 57 W	19 02 S, 169 52 W
Geography - note	the island of Saint Martin is the smallest landmass in the World shared by two independent states, the French territory of Saint Martin and the Dutch territory of Sint Maarten	one of world's largest coral islands
Highways	-	total: 234 km paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	-	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	crude petroleum, food, manufactured items	food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs
Imports - partners	US, Mexico (2006)	New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000)
Independence	none (overseas collectivity of France)	on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA
Industries	tourism, light industry and manufacturing, heavy industry	tourism, handicrafts, food processing
Infant mortality rate	-	total: NA male: NA female: NA (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	1% (1995)
International organization participation	UPU	ACP, FAO, PIF, Sparteca, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Irrigated land	-	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue
Labor force	-	NA (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	85% directly or indirectly employed in tourist industry	most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board
Land boundaries	total: 15 km border countries: Netherlands Antilles (Sint Maarten) 15 km	0 km
Land use	-	arable land: 15.38% permanent crops: 11.54% other: 73.08% (2001)
Languages	French (official language), English, Dutch, French Patois, Spanish, Papiamento (dialect of Netherlands Antilles)	Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English
Legal system	the laws of France, where applicable, apply	English common law note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws
Legislative branch	unicameral Territorial Council (23 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held July 2012) election results: percent of seats by party - UPP 49%, RRR 42.2%, Reussir Saint-Martin 8.9%; seats by party - UPP 16, RRR 6, Reussir Saint-Martin 1	unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives) elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA female: NA
Location	island 300 km southeast of Puerto Rico	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Oceania
Maritime claims	-	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	none
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches	-	no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789); note - local holiday is Schoalcher Day (Slavery Abolition Day) 12 July (1848)	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	-	noun: Niuean(s) adjective: Niuean
Natural hazards	-	typhoons
Natural resources	salt	fish, arable land
Net migration rate	-	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Union Pour le Progres or UPP [Louis Constant FLEMING]; Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON]; Reussir Saint-Martin [Jean-Luc HAMLET]	Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	33,102 (October 2004 census)	2,156 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA
Population growth rate	-	0.01% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations	FM 3 (2007)	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Protestant, Hindu	Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)
Sex ratio	-	NA (2004 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age, universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: fully integrated access domestic: direct dial capability with both fixed and wireless systems international: country code - 590; undersea fiber-optic cable provides voice and data connectivity to Puerto Rico and Gudaloupe	domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island international: country code - 683
Telephones - main lines in use	-	1,100 est (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	400 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	-	1 (1997)
Terrain	-	steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau
Total fertility rate	-	NA children born/woman (2004 est.)
Transportation - note	nearest airport for international flights is Princess Juliana International Airport (SXM) located in Sint Maarten	-
Unemployment rate	-	NA (March 1999)

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